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The Afshar, also spelled Awshar or Afşar, are one of the Oghuz Turkic peoples. These originally nomadic Oghuz tribes moved from Central Asia and initially settled in Iranian Azerbaijan, later being relocated by the Safavids to Khurasan and Mazandaran.〔(Iran's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook ), ed. Massoume Price, (ABC-CLIO, 2005), pp. 75, 89.〕 Today, they are variously grouped as a branch of the Turkmens〔''From multilingual empire to contested modern state'', Touraj Atabaki, Iran in the 21st Century: Politics, Economics & Conflict, ed. Homa Katouzian, Hossein Shahidi, (Routledge, 2008), 41.〕 or the Azerbaijanis.〔''Richard V. Weekes.'' Muslim peoples: a world ethnographic survey. AZERI. — Greenwood Press, 1978 — p. 56 — ISBN 9780837198804〕 Afshars in Iran remain a largely nomadic group,〔''Encyclopedia of The Modern Middle East and North Africa'', (Detroit: Thomson Gale, 2004) P. 1112〕 with tribes in central Anatolia, northern Iran, and Azerbaijan.〔http://www.baluch-rugs.com/History/People/Afshar_Anatolia.htm〕 They were the source of the Afsharid, Karamanid dynasties,〔Claude Cahen, ''Pre-Ottoman Turkey: a general survey of the material and spiritual culture and history c. 1071-1330'', trans. J. Jones-Williams (New York: Taplinger, 1968), 281-2.〕 Baku Khanate, Zanjan Khanate and Urmia Khanate. Nader Shah, who became Shah of Iran in 1736, was from the Qirqlu tribe of Afshar.〔''Tribal resurgence and the Decline of the bureaucracy in the eighteenth century'', A.K.S. Lambton, Studies in Eighteenth Century Islamic History, ed. Thomas Naff; Roger Owen, (Southern Illinois University Press, 1977), 108-109. 〕〔''The Struggle for Persia, 1709-1785'', Cambridge Illustrated Atlas, Warfare: Renaissance to Revolution, 1492-1792, ed. Jeremy Black, (Cambridge University Press, 1996), 142.〕 Afshars in Turkey mostly live in Sarız, Tomarza and Pınarbaşı districts of Kayseri province, as well as in several villages in Adana, Kahramanmaraş and Gaziantep provinces.〔Özdemir, Ahmet Z., Avşarlar ve Dadaloğlu, ISBN 9789756083406〕 ==Afshars in Turkey== Most of Afshars in Turkey are descendants of those who migrated from Iran after the fall of Nader Shah. This is hinted in one of poems by Dadaloğlu, famous Afshar bard during Afshar resistance against forced settlements in Ottoman Empire: "Kabaktepe asıl köyüm Nadir Şah'tan gelir soyum" (Kabaktepe is my home village, Down from Nader Shah comes my lineage) While Afshars had remained nomadic and retained their Oghuz lifestyle, forced settlements caused them to adopt a settled lifestyle. A resistance against Ottomans under spiritual leadership of the bard Dadaloğlu and local Afshar lord Kozanoğlu was proven futile.〔Özdemir, Ahmet Z., Avşarlar ve Dadaloğlu, ISBN 9789756083406〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Afshar people」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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